Public Health of Indonesia

The Influence of Human Resource Interactions on Loyalty with Patient Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable in Hospital X Surabaya

Minarni Wartiningsih — Thu, 21 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: In the hospital industry, human resources are the drivers of the organization to achieve goals. The interaction of hospital human resources with patients is one of the essential aspects of service to increase patient satisfaction and loyalty.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of hospital human resource interactions on loyalty through patient satisfaction as an intervening variable.

Methods: This type of research is quantitative analytic with a cross sectional design. The sampling technique was 339 respondents using random sampling technique. The data obtained will be analyzed using SmartPLS software (v3.2.9).

Result: Interaction has a significant effect on patient loyalty directly (β=0.161 and p-value=0.015). Interaction also affects patient loyalty through intervening patient satisfaction variables (β=0.094 and p-value = 0.049).

Conclusion: This study concludes that interaction has more effect on patient loyalty directly than through the intervening variable of patient satisfaction.

Effect of mHealth based intervention on Maternal Knowledge and Practices of Child Care: A quasi-experimental study

Thu, 21 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background:Child malnutrition contributes to elevated rates of mortality and morbidity, profoundly affecting child welfare. Maternal childcare knowledge and practices play a pivotal role in addressing this issue.

Objective:This study aims to evaluate the impact of the mHealth App on maternal knowledge and practices in child care.

Method:A randomized controlled trial was conducted in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from May to August 2022. Mother-child pairs were assigned to either the intervention (n=100) or control (n=100) groups. Data on maternal knowledge and practices were collected at baseline, follow-up 1, and follow-up 2. Maternal knowledge was assessed using a structured questionnaire covering child growth and development, while feeding practices were evaluated using a yes-no checklist. The analysis of maternal knowledge and practices involved mean difference, t-test, and general estimating equations in STATA-15.

Result:The results revealed a consistent increase in knowledge and practice scores between follow-ups 1 and 2. The mHealth application significantly enhanced maternal knowledge about child growth, development, and feeding at follow-up 2 compared to baseline, with improvements of 1.42 (CI 95% 1.34-1.89), 1.32 (CI 95% 1.22-1.72), and 1.45 (CI 95% 1.34-2.42), respectively. Additionally, growth and development monitoring practices increased by 0.80 (CI 95% 0.08-0.99) and 0.98 (CI 95% 0.21-0.99).

Conclusion:The mHealth application significantly enhances maternal knowledge and practices related to child growth, development, and feeding.

Key words: mHealth; maternal; knowledge; practices; children

Breast Cancer Screening Access Among Low-Income Women Under Social Health Insurance: A Scoping Review

Sari Hastuti — Thu, 21 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background:

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women worldwide. Due to its unknown causes, secondary prevention is highly encouraged for case early detection. Unfortunately, some women face difficulties in accessing it, even though they are covered by social health insurance.

Objective: This study aimed to identify previous studies that mapped the various aspects within the domain of breast cancer screening access among low-income women under social health insurance.

Design: This study used a scoping review method, following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist.

Data Sources: The electronic databases were searched in PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO identified 115 articles. After the selection process involves two main stages, we found 7 studies included for the full review.

Methods: Data charting is used for the data extraction. Thematic analysis is conducted to address the research question.

Results: Social Health Insurance has a positive influence on access to breast cancer screening. Based on the Levesque framework, access is conceptualized in five dimensions, namely approachability, acceptability, availability, affordability, and appropriateness. Some aspects are found as variations of the original concept proposed as evidence from the field.

Conclusion:

The Levesque framework remains relevant to the experiences of low-income women. The variations observed emphasize the need for tailored approaches to healthcare delivery, providing opportunities for improving access.

Unraveling Potential Confounding Variables in the Association Between Maternal Malaria and Child Stunting in Papua: A Case-Control Study with Mantel-Haenszel Analysis

Zeth Felle, Muhamad Sahiddin — Thu, 21 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background:Papua is a malaria-endemic region with Indonesia's highest annual parasite incidence. At the same time, stunting is a common child health problem in Papua. Malaria incidence in pregnant women is considered a risk factor for stunting in children. Thus, the identification of confounding factors in this relationship is necessary.

Objective:The study aimed to determine significant confounding factors in maternal malaria and child stunting and clarify the true association between these two conditions.

Methods: The study with a case-control design was conducted at 14 Puskesmas from May to September 2023. The sample size was 681 children, consisting of toddlers who were stunted and not stunted and were selected by probability sampling technique. Data collection used questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. Statistical analysis used Mantel-Haenszel chi-square with a cut-off point for changes in the estimated coefficient for determining confounding> 10%.

Results: The results showed that the crude Odds Ratio of the effect of malaria incidence during pregnancy on the incidence of stunting in children was 1.746 (95% CI 1,062-2,872). Stratification analysis showed the adjusted Odds Ratio value of child sex (1.78), low birth weight (1.652), basic immunization status (1.771), breastfeeding status (1.753), maternal age (1.732), occupation (1.828), ethnicity (1.722) and family income (1.764). There were no potential confounding variables in the association between malaria incidence in pregnant women and childhood stunting (change in coefficient estimate <10%).

Conclusions: Public health interventions aimed at preventing malaria during pregnancy can be used as a strategy to reduce the risk of childhood stunting.

Keywords:Malaria; pregnancy; stunting; confounding; Indonesia

Factors Affecting the Quality of Life Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at the TB-DOTS Outpatient Clinic of Public Hospital

Diandra Angelia Az Zahra, Bintang Yinke Magdalena Sinaga — Thu, 21 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Indonesia is the second country in the world with the highest burden of tuberculosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the global health issues that can substantially affect quality of life.

Objective: To analyze the quality of life and associated factors among pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the TB-DOTS outpatient clinic of Prof. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. The study subject was 100 pulmonary tuberculosis patients aged ≥18 years, newly diagnosed, and undergoing treatment from August to October 2023, selected using consecutive sampling. Primary data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, and the logistic regression test were used for data analyses.

Results: The chi-square test showed there was a significant relationship between age (p = 0.022), family income (p = 0.005), treatment phase (p < 0.001), and adverse drug reactions (p = 0.040) with overall quality of life. The logistic regression test showed there was a significant relationship between family income (p = 0.007, OR = 3.685, 95% CI = 1.432–9.479) and treatment phase (p < 0.001, OR = 5.643, 95% CI = 2.139–14.888) with the deterioration of overall quality of life.

Conclusion: The treatment phase lasting less than 2 months was the factor that most influenced the deterioration of the overall quality of life. Hence, families, healthcare workers, and the government should consider the treatment phase as a focus of interventions to enhance the quality of life of pulmonary tuberculosis patients

The Potency of Typical Plants of Central Sulawesi Province to Prevent Iron Deficiency Anemia: Experimental Study

Putri Mulia Sakti, Ikhsan Hi. Amir Sene, Kadar Ramadhan — Thu, 21 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Central Sulawesi falls within the Wallacea region, making it home to various endemic flora and fauna. One distinctive plant in Central Sulawesi is the Moringa tree. The Moringa tree, especially its leaves, was often used as a culinary ingredient known as sayurkelor in the traditional cuisine of the Kaili ethnic group in Central Sulawesi Province.

Objective: This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of moringa leaf extract in increasing hemoglobin levels and erythrocyte count.

Method: Twenty-four male Wistar rats strain (Rattusnorvegicus) 9−10 weeks old and 200−250 grams were divided into four groups (n=6), normal as a no treatment, negative control, ethanol extract, and positive control during the 15^thday. Blood samples on the 15^thday were administered to determine blood count.

Result: The resultsof this study showed differences in hemoglobin and erythrocyte levels in the four experimental groups.The significant difference in average hemoglobin levels between Group 2 and Group 3 with a P-value <0.05 (P value 0.00). The difference between Group 2 and Group 4 is significant with a P-value <0.05 (P value 0.00), and the difference between Group 3 and Group 4 is significant with a P-value <0.05 (P value 0.03). the significant difference in the average erythrocyte counts between Group 2 and Group 3 with a P-value <0.05 (P value 0.00). The difference between Group 2 and Group 4 is not significant with a P-value >0.05 (P value 0.07). The difference between Group 3 and Group 4 has a P-value >0.05 (P value 0.63).

Conclusion: The research results indicate that pregnant Wistar rats experienced hemodilution characterized by a decrease in hemoglobin and erythrocyte levels during pregnancy. However, after being given ethanol extract from moringa leaves, there was an increase in hemoglobin and erythrocyte levels.

Keywords: Extract; ethanol; moringa; oleifera; hemoglobin

Islamic Spiritual Care with Murottal for Reducing Anxiety and Depression in Coronary Heart Disease Patients: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

Aris Citra Wisuda, Tukimin bin Sansuwito, Citra Suraya — Thu, 21 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background:Spiritual care is a vital aspect of the nursing process, particularly for palliative patients such as those with Coronary heart disease. While pharmacological and medical interventions remain paramount for managing heart conditions, the efficacy of Islamic spiritual therapy with Murottal has also been significant. Research has demonstrated its notable influence on patients' quality of life, particularly in mitigating anxiety and depression.

Objective:This study aims to conduct a systematic review to explore the role of Islamic spirituality in nursing, specifically through Murottal recitations, and its impact on anxiety and depression among Coronary heart disease patients.

Method:Employing a systematic review design, we utilized various electronic databases including PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct, DOAJ, Wiley, Garuda, and secondary PubMed-indexed sources from 2018 to 2023. Inclusion criteria comprised studies with a clear definition of spiritual care involving Murottal in nursing, confirmed Coronary heart disease diagnoses, and reporting outcomes such as the incidence of death, cardiovascular outcomes, and quality of life.

Result:The search focused on examining the correlation between Islamic spiritual care with Murottal and the quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease. Following a rigorous methodology, which included study selection, critical appraisal, data extraction, and synthesis, the search yielded 1,286 articles, with seven meeting the inclusion criteria. Analysis and categorization of these articles based on evidence level and recommendations revealed a consistent association between Islamic spiritual care with Murottal and reduced anxiety and depression in Coronary heart disease patients. However, heterogeneity was observed in research instruments, implementation duration, and outcomes.

Conclusion:The conclusive evidence from this review supports the notion that Islamic spiritual care, particularly through Murottal recitations, significantly impacts the quality of life among Coronary heart disease patients.

Keywords: Anxiety, Coronary Heart Disease, Depression, Murottal, Spiritual Care

Diabetes Mellitus and Bacterial Infections: A Review of Main Infections in DM Patients

Thu, 21 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Millions of single-celled microscopic organism called bacteria reside within the human body. Numerous infectious diseases in humans are caused by some of these pathogen bacteria. One of the major risk factors for bacterial infections is diabetes mellitus. Bacterial infections and diabetes may have a reciprocal relationship in which some illnesses exacerbate insulin resistance. Diabetes may occur as a result of bacteria in the digestive system. Any organ in a human body can become infected by bacteria. The respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, skin, and soft tissues are the most frequently infected areas with diabetes. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia increases the risk of bacterial infections by impairing innate and adaptive immune responses. Furthermore, skin ulceration can result from long-term diabetic consequences such peripheral vascular disease and neuropathy (sensorimotor and autonomic). These conditions can also lead to secondary bacterial infections.

Factors Associated with the Implementation of GERMAS (Healthy Living Community Movement) in the Community of Cengkareng Timur Village

Tue, 26 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Healthy Community Movement (GERMAS) is a systematic and planned effort carried out jointly by the entire nation with awareness, willingness, and ability to behave healthily to improve quality of life. Based on the results of preliminary studies of visitors of the Cengkareng Health Center who live in the East Cengkareng area, it was found that the application of GERMAS in the Cengkareng community was still relatively insufficient and the number of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) increased.

Objective: This study aimed to identify factors associated with the implementation of GERMAS in East Cengkareng Village

Methods: This study used a quantitative and correlational approach with a cross-sectional design. The population of this study is the East Cengkareng Community of adults aged 20-49 years. An accidental sampling technique was used to obtain 300 respondents. This research instrument was adopted from previous research conducted by Laksmi in 2019 to measure the implementation of GERMAS, attitude, and knowledge. The data obtained were analyzed using univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with Chi-Square.

Results: The results showed that the people in the East Cengkareng village as many as 252 (84.0%) respondents implemented GERMAS well and as many as 48 (16.0%) respondents did less implement GERMAS. The factors that have a significant relationship with the implementation of GERMAS are age (p-value=0.004), occupation (p-value=0.023), and attitude (p-value=0.013)

Conclusions: Age, occupation, and attitude can affect GERMAS implementation. Future researchers can analyze the application of GERMAS on different characteristics of respondents such as the elderly, pregnant women, adolescents, and on respondents with certain conditions.

Keywords: Age; attitude; GERMAS; occupation