Keywords
pesticides
farmers
scoping review
How to Cite
Abstract
Background: Pesticides can poison users if they do not follow pesticide use standards. This is because the active substances in these pesticide products can cause acute pain.
Objective: The study aimed to identify the factors of safe behavior in using pesticides in farmers.
Methods: This study employed a scoping review method. The literature search was carried out on the indexed databases of Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Free Medical Journals, and ProQuest in English. There were 450 research articles, and 15 met the inclusion criteria. From the 15 journals, information was collected from the publication year 2015-2021, article titles, design, population, interventions, and results. Relevant study articles related to the topics were qualitatively analyzed using NVIVO-12 Plus.
Results: The analysis showed that knowledge, safe behavior of using pesticides, farmers' education, and personal protective equipment are the dominant factors influencing the safe behavior of using pesticides on farmers.
Conclusion: Farmers who do not comply with safe behavior will have a higher health risk because of the toxicity of pesticides that can be directly inhaled and enter through the pores of the farmers’ skin.
References
Ahmed, N., Englund, J.-E., Åhman, I., Lieberg, M., & Johansson, E. (2011). Perception of pesticide use by farmers and neighbors in two periurban areas. Science of the Total Environment, 412, 77-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.022
Akter, M., Fan, L., Rahman, M. M., Geissen, V., & Ritsema, C. J. (2018). Vegetable farmers’ behaviour and knowledge related to pesticide use and related health problems: A case study from Bangladesh. Journal of Cleaner Production, 200, 122-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.130
Ali, J., Yusof, N., & Abd. Aziz, F. S. (2018). Factors influencing farmer’s perceptions and behavior toward pesticide use in Malaysia. International Journal of Social Economics, 45(5), 776-792.
Bagheri, A., Emami, N., Damalas, C. A., & Allahyari, M. S. (2019). Farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of pesticide use in apple farms of northern Iran: Impact on safety behavior. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(9), 9343-9351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04330-y
Benaboud, J., Oujidi, J., Elachouri, M., & Chafi, A. (2014). Pesticides used by Moroccan’s farmer in oriental Morocco: Case of Berkane region. Academia Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2(4), 052-058. http://dx.doi.org/10.15413/ajes.2014.0101
Berni, I., Menouni, A., El, I. G., Duca, R.-C., Kestemont, M.-P., Godderis, L., & Jaafari, S. E. (2021). Understanding farmers’ safety behavior regarding pesticide use in Morocco. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 25, 471-483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.11.019
Bhandari, G., Atreya, K., Yang, X., Fan, L., & Geissen, V. (2018). Factors affecting pesticide safety behaviour: The perceptions of Nepalese farmers and retailers. Science of the Total Environment, 631-632, 1560-1571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.144
Bondori, A., Bagheri, A., Damalas, C. A., & Allahyari, M. S. (2018). RETRACTED: Use of personal protective equipment towards pesticide exposure: Farmers’ attitudes and determinants of behavior. Science of the Total Environment, 639, 1156-1163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.203
Buckley, N. A., Fahim, M., Raubenheimer, J., Gawarammana, I. B., Eddleston, M., Roberts, M. S., & Dawson, A. H. (2021). Case fatality of agricultural pesticides after self-poisoning in Sri Lanka: A prospective cohort study. Lancet Global Health, 9(6), e854-e862. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(21)00086-3
Coria, J., & Elgueta, S. (2022). Towards safer use of pesticides in Chile. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(16), 22785-22797. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18843-6
Damalas, C. A., Georgiou, E. B., & Theodorou, M. G. (2006). Pesticide use and safety practices among Greek tobacco farmers: A survey. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 16(5), 339-348. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603120600869190
Damalas, C. A., & Koutroubas, S. D. (2017). Farmers’ training on pesticide use is associated with elevated safety behavior. Toxics, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics5030019
Fan, L., Niu, H., Yang, X., Qin, W., Bento, C. P., Ritsema, C. J., & Geissen, V. (2015). Factors affecting farmers’ behaviour in pesticide use: Insights from a field study in northern China. Science of the Total Environment, 537, 360-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.150
Gaber, S., & Abdel-Latif, S. H. (2012). Effect of education and health locus of control on safe use of pesticides: A cross sectional random study. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, 7, 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6673-7-3
Gesesew, H. A., Woldemichael, K., Massa, D., & Mwanri, L. (2016). Farmers knowledge, attitudes, practices and health problems associated with pesticide use in rural irrigation villages, Southwest Ethiopia. PLoS One, 11(9), e0162527. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0162527
Grovermann, C., Schreinemachers, P., & Berger, T. (2013). Quantifying pesticide overuse from farmer and societal points of view: An application to Thailand. Crop Protection, 53, 161-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2013.07.013
Hashim, N. N. H. N., Salleh, R. M., Osman, S., & Jusoh, Z. M. (2020). Factors influencing group farmers’ behaviour towards safe pesticide use in Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Consumer and Family Economics, 25(S1), 135–147.
Hurtig, A. K., San Sebastián, M., Soto, A., Shingre, A., Zambrano, D., & Guerrero, W. (2003). Pesticide use among farmers in the Amazon basin of Ecuador. Archives of Environmental Health, 58(4), 223-228. https://doi.org/10.3200/aeoh.58.4.223-228
Ibitayo, O. O. (2006). Egyptian farmers’ attitudes and behaviors regarding agricultural pesticides: implications for pesticide risk communication. Risk Analysis, 26(4), 989-995. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2006.00794.x
Jallow, M. F. A., Awadh, D. G., Albaho, M. S., Devi, V. Y., & Thomas, B. M. (2017). Pesticide risk behaviors and factors influencing pesticide use among farmers in Kuwait. Science of the Total Environment, 574, 490-498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.085
Kaur, R., Mavi, G. K., Raghav, S., & Khan, I. (2019). Pesticides classification and its impact on environment. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 8(3), 1889-1897. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.803.224
Kimani, V., & Mwanthi, M. (1995). Agrochemicals exposure and health implications in Githunguri location, Kenya. East African Medical Journal, 72(8), 531-535.
Mahyuni, E. L., Harahap, R. H., Harahap, U., & Khalik, N. (2020). Determinants of unsafe behavior in pesticide usage among horticulture farmer. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 8(E), 341-346. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4210
Mazloomy Mahmoodabad, S. S., Fattahi Ardakani, M., Hossein Zadeh, N., Mazloomy Mahmoodabad, S. M., Yoshany, N., & Ghasemine Zhad, M. (2019). A survey of the safe use determinants of pesticides in Ardakan pistachio farmers according to the Health Belief Model. Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology, 8(1), 21-28. https://doi.org/10.29252/johe.8.1.21
Miyittah, M. K., Kwadzo, M., Gyamfua, A. P., & Dodor, D. E. (2020). Health risk factors associated with pesticide use by watermelon farmers in Central region, Ghana. Environmental Systems Research, 9, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-020-00170-9
Morad Haseli, S., Mirakzadeh, A., & Rostami, F. (2014). Analysis of occupational health challenges among farmers. Archives of Hygiene Sciences, 3(4), 184-191.
Oztas, D., Kurt, B., Koç, A., Akbaba, M., & İlter, H. (2018). Knowledge level, attitude, and behaviors of farmers in Çukurova region regarding the use of pesticides. BioMed Research International, 6146509. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6146509
Pan, D., He, M., & Kong, F. (2020). Risk attitude, risk perception, and farmers’ pesticide application behavior in China: A moderation and mediation model. Journal of Cleaner Production, 276, 124241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124241
Popp, J. (2018). Pesticide productivity and food security. A review. Agronomy for Sustainability Development, 33(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-012-0105-x
Recena, M. C., Caldas, E. D., Pires, D. X., & Pontes, E. R. (2006). Pesticides exposure in Culturama, Brazil--knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Environmental Research, 102(2), 230-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2006.01.007
Rezaei, R., Damalas, C. A., & Abdollahzadeh, G. (2018). RETRACTED: Understanding farmers’ safety behaviour towards pesticide exposure and other occupational risks: The case of Zanjan, Iran. Science of the Total Environment, 616-617, 1190-1198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.201
Rostami, F., Afshari, M., Rostami-Moez, M., Assari, M. J., & Soltanian, A. R. (2019). Knowledge, attitude, and practice of pesticides use among agricultural workers. Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 23(1), 42-47. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijoem.IJOEM_153_18
Sapbamrer, R., & Thammachai, A. (2020). Factors affecting use of personal protective equipment and pesticide safety practices: A systematic review. Environmental Research, 185, 109444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.109444
Shammi, M., Sultana, A., Hasan, N., Rahman, M. M., Islam, M. S., Bodrud-Doza, M., & Uddin, M. K. (2020). Pesticide exposures towards health and environmental hazard in Bangladesh: A case study on farmers’ perception. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 19(2), 161-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2018.08.005
Sharifzadeh, M. S., Abdollahzadeh, G., Damalas, C. A., Rezaei, R., & Ahmadyousefi, M. (2019). Determinants of pesticide safety behavior among Iranian rice farmers. Science of the Total Environment, 651(Pt 2), 2953-2960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.179
Singh, B., & Gupta, M. K. (2009). Pattern of use of personal protective equipments and measures during application of pesticides by agricultural workers in a rural area of Ahmednagar district, India. Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 13(3), 127-130. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5278.58915
Suryani, D., Pratamasari, R., Suyitno, S., & Maretalinia, M. (2020). Perilaku petani padi dalam penggunaan pestisida di Desa Mandalahurip Kecamatan Jatiwaras Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Window of Health: Jurnal Kesehatan, 95-103. https://doi.org/10.33368/woh.v0i0.285
Tarmure, S., Alexescu, T. G., Orasan, O., Negrean, V., Sitar-Taut, A. V., Coste, S. C., & Todea, D. A. (2020). Influence of pesticides on respiratory pathology - a literature review. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 27(2), 194-200. https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/121899
Xiao, Y., & Watson, M. (2019). Guidance on conducting a systematic literature review. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(1), 93-112. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X17723971
Yang, X., Wang, F., Meng, L., Zhang, W., Fan, L., Geissen, V., & Ritsema, C. J. (2014). Farmer and retailer knowledge and awareness of the risks from pesticide use: A case study in the Wei River catchment, China. Science of the Total Environment, 497-498, 172-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.118
Yuantari, M. G., Van Gestel, C. A., Van Straalen, N. M., Widianarko, B., Sunoko, H. R., & Shobib, M. N. (2015). Knowledge, attitude, and practice of Indonesian farmers regarding the use of personal protective equipment against pesticide exposure. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 187, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4371-3
Zyoud, S. e. H., Sawalha, A. F., Sweileh, W. M., Awang, R., Al-Khalil, S. I., Al-Jabi, S. W., & Bsharat, N. M. (2010). Knowledge and practices of pesticide use among farm workers in the West Bank, Palestine: Safety implications. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 15, 252-261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12199-010-0136-3
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2023 Putranto Manalu, Victor Trismanjaya Hulu, Frans Judea Samosir, Buenita Buenita, Hartono Hartono, Santy Deasy Siregar, Masryna Siagian, Widya Yanti Sihotang, Emira Nadiah Harahap